Mercury Evolution, Measurement, and Control
Instructor: Wojciech Jozewicz, ARCADIS

“Mercury Evolution, Measurement, and Control” tutorial will analyze the issues associated with control of mercury emissions and with the presence of mercury in the environment.  The review will describe mercury evolution and transformation during combustion processes; discuss measurement techniques for various mercury species, and present control technologies that may be used to limit emissions.  Some of the issues to be covered by the tutorial will include homogenous and heterogeneous catalysis of mercury in the flue gas, behavior of mercury vapors in existing air pollution control equipment, speciated and total mercury measurement methods, and a review of the state-of-the-art mercury control technology.
 

The course is focused on use of direct fired low temp thermal desorbers, indirect fired retorts, heated auger systems and hot oil heated systems. These are used to treat contaminated soil, sludges and other media containing organic contaminants ranging from gasoline and diesel to more difficult to remove No. 6 fuel oil, coal tars, PCBs, dioxins and chlorinated solvents. A smaller but emerging submarket is treatment of mixed waste, which is low level radioactive/RCRA hazardous waste, with thermal desorption.

The knowledge gained in the course will allow attendees to procure hardware or services for site remediation and avoid costly mistakes in specification and operation.

Part of the value of this course is the practical experience of the presenter and his knowledge of what works best for a particular application. Case studies are used for illustration purposes, with many photos and videos of actual industrial equipment and projects. Course topics include the basics of drying and desorption, followed by desorber technology, case studies and typical equipment used, associated air pollution control, feed testing and preparation, and stack testing and regulatory issues.
 

Selective Catalytic Reduction for NOx Control
Instructor: Flemming Hansen, Haldor Topsoe, Inc

In recent years, emissions of NOx have become of greater concern to many regulatory agencies and the public.  As a result, plant operators are looking for ways to control and minimize the NOx emitted. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is the only way to achieve the high removal rates demanded today. Although SCR technology has been applied in Europe and Japan for many years, it is relatively new to the waste industry in North America. This tutorial will give an introduction into the process, and discuss the capabilities and limitations of the process.

Alternatives to Incineration
Instructor: Stephen Priebe, Idaho National Laboratory

Incineration has long formed the bases for treatment of most forms of combustible or organic waste ranging from municipal waste to medical and hazardous waste.  While incineration remains an important option, the pressure of stricter emission limits and increasing protest from the public, has led many incinerators to shut down.  Many plans for new systems have been postponed or abandoned.  As a result, alternatives to incineration are attracting greater attention.  This tutorial will discuss a wide range of alternatives and how they address the concerns of incineration.  Their specific applications and advantages and disadvantages will be presented.